Q1. HTML stands for:
A) Hyper Text Makeup Language
B) Hyper Text Markup Language
C) High Text Markup Language
D) Hyper Transfer Markup Language
✅ Answer: B) Hyper Text Markup Language
💡 Explanation: HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) is the standard language for creating web pages and web applications.
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Q2. Which HTML tag is used to create a hyperlink?
A) <link>
B) <href>
C) <a>
D) <url>
✅ Answer: C) <a>
💡 Explanation: The <a> (anchor) tag with the href attribute creates hyperlinks in HTML: <a href=’url’>text</a>.
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Q3. CSS stands for:
A) Computer Style Sheet
B) Cascading Style Sheet
C) Creative Style System
D) Cascading System Syntax
✅ Answer: B) Cascading Style Sheet
💡 Explanation: CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) describes the visual presentation and layout of HTML documents.
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Q4. Which protocol secures the HTTP communication?
A) FTPS
B) SMTPS
C) HTTPS
D) SFTP
✅ Answer: C) HTTPS
💡 Explanation: HTTPS (HTTP Secure) uses SSL/TLS encryption to secure data transmission between browser and web server.
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Q5. What is a ‘cookie’ in web technology?
A) A type of virus
B) Small data stored on client’s browser by the server for session tracking
C) A web server component
D) A JavaScript function
✅ Answer: B) Small data stored on client’s browser by the server for session tracking
💡 Explanation: Cookies are small text files stored in the browser to remember user preferences, login sessions, and tracking data.
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Q6. JavaScript is primarily a:
A) Server-side programming language
B) Client-side scripting language for dynamic web content
C) Database query language
D) CSS preprocessor
✅ Answer: B) Client-side scripting language for dynamic web content
💡 Explanation: JavaScript runs in the browser (client-side) to create dynamic, interactive web content and user interfaces.
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Q7. URL stands for:
A) Universal Resource Locator
B) Uniform Resource Locator
C) Unified Resource Link
D) Universal Reference Link
✅ Answer: B) Uniform Resource Locator
💡 Explanation: URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is the complete web address used to access a resource on the internet.
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Q8. Which of the following is NOT a valid HTTP request method?
A) GET
B) POST
C) FETCH
D) DELETE
✅ Answer: C) FETCH
💡 Explanation: HTTP methods include GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH, HEAD, OPTIONS. FETCH is a JavaScript API, not an HTTP method.
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Q9. What does ‘responsive web design’ mean?
A) Fast loading websites
B) Websites that adapt their layout to any screen size/device
C) Websites that respond to voice commands
D) Websites with fast server response
✅ Answer: B) Websites that adapt their layout to any screen size/device
💡 Explanation: Responsive web design uses flexible grids, CSS media queries to make sites look good on all screen sizes.
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Q10. Which HTML5 element is used to play videos?
A) <media>
B) <embed>
C) <video>
D) <play>
✅ Answer: C) <video>
💡 Explanation: HTML5 introduced the <video> tag for embedding video content directly in web pages without plugins.
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Q11. What is the purpose of a CDN (Content Delivery Network)?
A) To develop mobile apps
B) To deliver web content from servers closest to the user, reducing latency
C) To store databases
D) To encrypt web traffic
✅ Answer: B) To deliver web content from servers closest to the user, reducing latency
💡 Explanation: CDN distributes content across globally located servers so users receive data from the nearest server, improving speed.
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Q12. In CSS, ‘z-index’ controls:
A) Font size
B) Element’s horizontal position
C) Stacking order of overlapping elements
D) Animation speed
✅ Answer: C) Stacking order of overlapping elements
💡 Explanation: z-index determines which element appears on top when elements overlap — higher z-index = appears in front.
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Q13. Which language is used for server-side web development?
A) HTML
B) CSS
C) JavaScript (Node.js) / PHP / Python
D) XML
✅ Answer: C) JavaScript (Node.js) / PHP / Python
💡 Explanation: Server-side languages (PHP, Python, Node.js, Ruby, Java) run on the server and generate dynamic HTML responses.
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Q14. A ‘404 error’ on a website means:
A) Server is down
B) Requested page/resource was not found on the server
C) Access is forbidden
D) The website is loading too slowly
✅ Answer: B) Requested page/resource was not found on the server
💡 Explanation: HTTP 404 (Not Found) error means the server couldn’t locate the requested resource at the given URL.
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Q15. What is the function of the <meta charset=’UTF-8′> tag in HTML?
A) Sets page background color
B) Specifies the character encoding for the document
C) Defines meta keywords
D) Sets the page title
✅ Answer: B) Specifies the character encoding for the document
💡 Explanation: UTF-8 encoding tag tells browsers how to interpret text characters, supporting most international languages.
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Q16. WWW operates on which application layer protocol?
A) FTP
B) SMTP
C) HTTP/HTTPS
D) IMAP
✅ Answer: C) HTTP/HTTPS
💡 Explanation: The World Wide Web operates using HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and its secure version HTTPS.
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Q17. Which attribute in HTML makes a form input mandatory?
A) mandatory
B) compulsory
C) required
D) validate
✅ Answer: C) required
💡 Explanation: The ‘required’ attribute in HTML5 input fields prevents form submission if that field is left empty.
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Q18. DOM stands for:
A) Data Object Model
B) Document Object Model
C) Dynamic Object Management
D) Document Oriented Markup
✅ Answer: B) Document Object Model
💡 Explanation: DOM (Document Object Model) is a programming interface for HTML/XML documents, representing page as a tree structure.
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Q19. Which search engine algorithm update in 2011 targeted low-quality content?
A) Hummingbird
B) Panda
C) Penguin
D) RankBrain
✅ Answer: B) Panda
💡 Explanation: Google Panda (2011) penalized websites with thin, duplicate, or low-quality content to improve search results.
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Q20. AJAX stands for:
A) Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
B) Advanced Java and XML
C) Automated JavaScript and XHTML
D) Asynchronous Java Application Extension
✅ Answer: A) Asynchronous JavaScript and XML
💡 Explanation: AJAX allows web pages to update content asynchronously by exchanging data with a server without full page reload.